This week we are studying how our DNA is used as a "recipe" or "code" for all of our traits. Read the article More than a chicken, less than a grape by Tina Hesman Saey. Sunday, October 17, 2010
7th Period: Size of the Human Genome
This week we are studying how our DNA is used as a "recipe" or "code" for all of our traits. Read the article More than a chicken, less than a grape by Tina Hesman Saey. 
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The Human Genome Project is a project that decodes all of the genetic instructions and information in the human body. Scientists are working towards the completion of this project but still need to work out some problems with it. A gene is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein. They code for different traits that a person has and these are represented as exons and introns. An exon is a part of a chromosome that codes for a protein and an intron is a specific part that doesn’t code for a protein. Scientists look at RNA rather than DNA to count the number of genes in a human because it is quicker. When looking at DNA, scientists have to use a computer program where they must look through a bunch of DNA letters in order to find the exons. By looking at RNA, however, they are able to use information, such as the sequence RNA produced by genes, to mark and locate the specific genes that they are looking for. In this way, the process is a lot faster.
ReplyDeleteThe human genome project is to decipher the genetic blueprint of humans. The project is mainly suppose to show all the protein-producing genes that is needed to build a human body. A gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA. Genes code instructions for the synthesis of RNA. An intron are spaces between DNA that don't make proteins. An exon are protein-encoding pieces found in the human genes. The scientists found that the RNA sequence produced by genes, can accurately find the locations of genes. Scientists call this process annotation. A human body can gain about 3,000 more genes from the new RNA sequence method.
ReplyDeleteThe Human Genome project was a project that tried to decipher "human's genetic blueprint". More specifically, their goal was to pinpoint the protein-producing genes that were vital to the creation of the human body. While the project was completed a decade ago, similar projects are still being created/worked on.
ReplyDeleteIntrons and exons are interspersed with one another within DNA. Exons do code for proteins, while introns do not. Genes are found within exons. However, the exons in genes only code for part of the protein, which makes counting genes harder for scientists. Some scientists look at RNA instead of DNA because it is more helpful to look at "studies that sequence RNA produced by genes". Using these studies and related technologies, several teams, like the Gencode team, have made major advancements.
The main topic in the article is the number of genes in the human body. The research isn't quite finished yet, but they currently have an estimate of 18,877 genes. To help find the correct number of genes, they are also implementing a technique called RNA sequencing. In biology class, we are learning what genes are for and all about DNA. Because of our knowledge learned in class, we are able to better understand what is occurring in the lab tests that the scientist are doing.
ReplyDeleteThe Human Genome Project is a project aimed to decipher the genetic code of human beings, as well as find all the genes contained in the DNA. A gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein. Though there are many genes in human DNA, much of the DNA is made of segments that do not code for any proteins. These segments are called introns. Genes, the parts of DNA that do code for proteins, are also called exons. In the article, some scientists looked at DNA to count the number of genes in the human body rather than DNA. They chose to do this because RNA only copies genes that produce proteins, as mRNA brings the code for the proteins to the ribosomes, which actually synthesize the proteins. Therefore, RNA can be deciphered to find actual genes becuase it cuts out most of the introns. To conclude, mapping the human genome is a huge project, and it will not be fully completed for a long time.
ReplyDeleteThe human genome project is a project to find out the genetic blueprint of
ReplyDeletehumans,and how many genes make up a human genome. Though the project has been
anounced completed, no one is sure how many genomes are in the human body. Genes code for the the remaking and reproduction of a cell. and an exon is a protien encoded pieces where human genes are found. An intron spaces exons from long streatches of protien that dont make protien. Scientists would most likley count the number of genes in RNA because they are single stranded and may happen to have the same prorportions of genes in them
The Human Genome Project is a project in which scientists wanted to decipher the genetic blueprints of humans. It was supposed to reveal all of the protein-producing genes needed to produce a human body. A gene is a sequence of nucleotides along a strand of DNA. It codes for the instructions for RNA. An exon is a protein-encoding piece found in human genes. Exons are interspaced with other units that do not produce proteins. These other units are called introns. Exons only code for a portion of proteins, unfortunately though. Scientists might look at RNA instead of DNA to count the number of genes humans have because genes code for RNA and are therefore, more involved with RNA than DNA.
ReplyDeleteA gene caries hereditary information throughout the cell. Genes are found in exons, or protein-encoding pieces. Exons are mixed together with stretches of DNA that don’t make protein, these are called introns. The Human Genome Project deciphered the genetic blueprint of humans. It was supposed to reveal all the protein-producing genes needed to build a human body
ReplyDeleteThe article was about people working on the human genome project, a goal to understand the genetic code and makeup of humans. The genetic code is our builders manual, stored in genes. Genes, or exons, are sections of DNA that stand for a protein or a trait. There are also introns, pieces of DNA that don't code for a protein and have a more complex use. Because of these introns in DNA, much of the DNA does not form genes. All of the RNA however, is transcribed from exons so it can be translated into protein. Scientists are now looking to use RNA to see how many genes we have rather than DNA because all RNA is genes and all of it codes for a protein. DNA on the other hand, has memory space that is useless to the human genome project, the introns. It will be hard work, but humans are complex enough to find out how complex we are.
ReplyDeleteWhat is the human genome project?
ReplyDeleteThe Human Genome project's purpose is to decipher the genetic blueprint of humans was supposed to reveal all of the protein-producing genes needed to build a human body.
What is a gene?
Genes carry information that determines you traits. They are made out of DNA.Genes are instructions to make molecules called proteins.
What do genes code for?
Genes are code for forming proteins.
What is an intron?
Introns are stretches of DNA that don’t make protein.
What is an exon?
Exons are protein-encoding pieces.
Why might scientists look at RNA rather than DNA to count the number of genes human's have?
Scientists might look at RNA rather that DNA to count the number of genes human's have because DNA is a double helix. The double helix makes it harder to look and and count the genes.
The Human Body--genetics--the brain--DNA are the most complex systems imaginable. Not even our nanotechnology, supercomputers or the digital watch are even remotely as complex as the cell. Which is why its no wonder that scientists have not found the exact number of genes within DNA. The Mammalian Gene Collection has estimated over 18,000 genes in our DNA which (by given by the title) is more than a chicken's gene count and less than a grape's. Though the Gencode project has located 21,600 genes. The system in which the project scientists are doing is trying to count the amount of introns along with the exon genes. With our biotechnology now, we may not be able to count the exact number of genes now, but with the advances in optic technology, counting them can become easily accomplished.
ReplyDeleteThe human genome project, is an effort made by a team to see just how many genes there actually are in the human body. A gene is sequence of nucleotides that are translated into proteins. Genes are used to show traits in DNA and code for proteins. In the DNA there are exons, regions that are translated into proteins, and introns, regions that are not translated into proteins.Although DNA makes up our traits, scientists may look at RNA to find a gene count becuase porteins first begin in RNA rather than DNA.
ReplyDeleteThe Human Genome project was a research study to find out how many human genomes there are.Yet the exact number is still unknown.Its is thought that the number of human genes is somewhere between the genes of a chicken and a grape.According to the most recent update grapes have 30,434 genes. For chickens its 16,736.
ReplyDeleteThe human genome project was to reveal all the protein-producing genes needed to for a human body. Genes determine physical traits, it is also a physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes code for proteins. Introns are DNA regions where a gene is not translated. Exons are nucleic acids that create RNA molecule in introns. Scientists study RNA over DNA because they can find more genes then they would in DNA.
ReplyDeleteThis article explained how human genes are still being counted to this day. Multiple groups of scientists are using different types of methods to discover how many genes there are to make up a human body. The Human Genome Project is the project aimed to find all of the genes in the human body. A gene is a characteristic/trait in a living thing, like having brown eyes, black hair, etc. There are different types of genes, two of them being exons and introns. An exon is a gene that carries out a trait/protein, while an intron is DNA that doesn't code for anything. Scientists, according to the article, are looking at RNA to count more genes, which has worked effectively in other organisms. This is because RNA is basically what helps produce proteins, and because proteins can lead to our genes/traits, scientists may observe RNA instead of DNA. RNA may be the preferred nucleic acid to count, most likely because DNA may not produce as much proteins, and that it's much more complicated.
ReplyDeleteScientists have come together to try and figure out how many genes are in the human body and what they are. They have called this the human genome project. An gene is a part of DNA that helps produce plypeptide chains. Genes code for proteins and exons are the part of the gene that holds the instructions to building the proteins. Introns on the other hand don't code for anything.
ReplyDeleteGenes are pieces of DNA that code for proteins. The Human Genome Project was a project in which scientists searched for all the genes in the human body. The number of genes in the human body has not actually been defined, but numerous studies show that it is around 22,000 genes. This number is more than the amount of genes in a chicken (16,736) yet less than the amount of genes in a grape (30,434). One reason that it was hard to find the genes was that introns, which are pieces of DNA that do not code for any proteins, were intermixed with the genes. Scientists improved the searching for genes by looking at RNA instead of DNA. They did this so that they could find new genes that could not be found by looking at DNA.
ReplyDeleteScientists are trying to count the number of genes in a human body. About a decade ago, scientists proposed the human genome project. This project was supposed to decipher the genetic blueprint of a human body to reveal how many protein-producing genes was needed to build a human body. To this day, no one knows how many genes our body has. An intron is a stretch of DNA that don't make protein. An exon is a sequence of DNA that codes information for protein synthesis. Scientists are considering to look at RNA instead of DNA to count the number of genes in a human body. First, genes only make up about 1% of the 3 billion A's, T's, C's and G's in the human instruction booklet.Second, each exon only codes for only a portion of the protein. Cells can match different types of exons to create different proteins. This makes it difficult to identify how many protein-producing genes exists. Studying the sequence of RNA may be easier to count the number of genes our body has.
ReplyDelete-Sabrina L, 7th Period
Scientists have come to the conclusion that they have not been able to come to a conclusion yet about how many genes are in the human being. The lowest estimate is at 18,877 genomes, while the highest approximation is at 38,621. A project known as the Gencode project, which aims to discover all the human genes and their permutations and resulting proteins. They have so far confirmed 21,671, a number they expect to grow. These variations in the number of total genes reported stems from the fact that genes account for only one percent of all the genetic code in chromosomes. These genes, or exons, are separated from each other by introns, which are sections of DNA that do not code for proteins. Also, counting genes is difficult because exons are matched in different ways to make different proteins.
ReplyDeleteTed A. 7°
The human genome project was created to find how many protein producing genes people have. A gene(also called an exxon) is the part of DNA that codes for proteins.Introns ,also known as junk DNA, don't code for proteins, but we are now finding the code for other cemicals instead. The scientists working on this prodject look at RNA rather than DNA because they can find several thousand more.
ReplyDelete